Diglosia eta endodiglosia arnasguneetan: Ondarroako nerabeen hizkuntza-gaitasuna eta erabilera-ohiturak: euskara eta gaztelania, batua eta tokiko euskara

Abstract

The aim of this study is to describe the linguistic reality among teenagers from a basque breathing space (Ondarroa), in order to investigate to what extent this reality can be explained by the concept of diglossia. For this purpose, we have studied the linguistic competence and uses, first between Basque and Spanish and then, between the standard Basque and the local speech.

Using a quantitative methodology, we have administered a self-application request among the students of 3 rd grade of Compulsory Secondary Education from Ondarroa. With reference to the study of the linguistic uses and socio-functional compartmentalization we have set up some domains and roles, some are informal, and others formal.

The results show that the majority of teenagers does better in Basque, even though, they are also competent in Spanish, especially in the reading competence. In regards to the do- main analysis, we can see a contrasting behavior among teenagers: there is a great difference between the Basque and Spanish uses in each of the studied domains. Although Basque is dominant in most of the domains, Spanish reigns in the teenagers’ cultural consumption. After the study of functional compartmentalization in each languages’ uses, we can observe that the behavior of those teenagers it is not in line with the traditional model of diglossia, as we cannot affirm that they especially use Spanish in formal domains, nor Basque in the informal ones. Concerning to the relationship between local speech and standard Basque, we can estimate that they use local speech principally, while their highest values of the standard Basque’s use can be seen in the most formal domains. The collected data suggest that we could be in the beginning of a process leading to endodiglossia. Further, regarding the competence displayed in each variant of Basque, the results show that most of the studied teen- agers experience problems with the standard Basque. Last and obliquely, it is obvious the high appreciation of the local speech received by the teenagers of Ondarroa.